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1 (No Model.) A Sheets--Sheet 1.

E. KOHLER.

SEWING MACHINE. No. 270,814. Patented Jan. 16,1883.

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SEWING MACHINE.

No. 270,814. Patented Jain.16,1883.

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B. KOHLER.

SEWING MAGHINE.

. Patented Jan. 16,1883.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet; 4. E. KOHLER.

SEWING MACHINE.

No. 270,814. Patented Jan.16,1883.

INITED} STATES EDIVARD KQHLER, OF OAKLAND, CAL, ASSIGNOR OFTHREE-EIGHTHS TO HARRISON P. EAYRS AND MICHAEL GRUNEIVALD, BOTH OF SAMEPLACE.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,814, dated January16, 1883,

: Application filed September 27, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom itmay concern Be it known that I, EDWARD KOHLER, of Oakland,Alameda county, State of California, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Sewing-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in sewing-machines intended moreespecially for sewing heavy fabrics, such as carpets and bags.

My invention consists in certain improve ments in detail and in variousnovel features of construction, which will now be more fully described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section partly in elevation;Fig.2, across-section on the line y y of Fig. 10; Fig. 3, a perspectiveview of the presser-foot, vertical needle, and pivoted hook; Fig. 4, aperspective of the shaft and pinion, on which is mounted the hook. Figs.5, 6, 7, and 8 represent detail views; Fig.9, a bottom View, and Fig. 10a cross-section on line 4c of Fig. 2.

The machine when in use is mounted upon a frame or standard, the topforming a table, A, and ordinarily the machine is intended to beoperated by hand through a balance-wheel having a crank. (Not showninthe drawings.)

In the end standardsof theframe is mounted a driving-shaft,B,on whichthe driving-wheel B is keyedat a pointoutsidetheframe. Above the frameis the ordinary arm containing the connection with the needle-bar,(which is not shown in the .drawings,) motion being imparted to theneedle-bar byavertical arm moving in a cam-groove on a wheel keyed tothe driving-shaft. This mechanism is of a kind commonlyemployed insewing-machines. The needle-bar reciprocates, vertically in guides, asshown, the needle being secured thereto by a set-screw, and the table ofthe machine'is slotted in the usual manner to permit the descent of theneedle and the operation of the feed.

Working in guides below the table of the machine is a shaft, F, on theend of which is a curved hook, Gr, having a finger at its end andadapted to operate in connection with the needle. The movement of thisshaft and hook is accomplished by means of awheel, K, on

the driving-shaft having a cam-groove in its face, in which works a pinon the face of a slide-bar, U, reciprocating longitudinally in guides 44, Fig. 9, attached to the lower side of the table.

To a standard, 5, on the slide-bar is adjustably secured a rack, J,which is thus caused to reciprocate with the slide-bar.

On the shaft F is apinion, I, the shaft being placed transversely to therack and slidebar, and through this rack and pinion the shaft F receivesa partial rotation in opposite directions when the driving-shaft iscaused to turn.

The movement of the hook is so timed that it passes on one side of theneedle when such needle is near its lowest point, and receives the loopthen formed on the end of such needle and carries it up through the slotin the table (the vertical needle having receded) to a position belowand on the other side of such vertical needle now ready to begin itsdescent. In its descent the vertical needle E passes through the loopcarried by the hook and looks it in place.

It will be understood that as the cloth is fed below the presser-footthe hook carries the loop 'up over the edge of the cloth, so that whenlocked in place by the needle E it forms a binding along the edge of thecloth.

In order to retain the loop upon the hook I provide a guard, H,(illustrated in Fig.6.) This guard is mounted on a shaft, P,journaled incars R R depending from aplate secured to the lower side of the table,and has at oneend a spiral twist, as shown. The guard H is mounted uponsuch shaft midway between the ears. The shaft P is given a partialrotation sufficient to carry the guard up with and above the hook bymeans of the guide-plate Q, carried by the slide-bar, which, bearing onthe inclined edge of the spiral, gives the shai'tP the necessary partialrotation. A spring may be used to retract the shaft to its formerposition,

if desired, or the opposite motion ofthe guide- 5 plate will have thesame effect. This guard asitpasses up with the hook is directly aboveand nearly in contact with the loop, so that such loop cannot slip offthe finger of the hook.

It is necessary to give to the shaft F, which carries the hook, alateral movement, as the I hook is obliged to change its position whenreceiving the loop from the needle, since it operates upon one side.ofthe needle in'receiving the loop in order to pull the loop in the samedirection in which the needle is threaded and on the other side inreleasing it. This lateral movement of the shalt is accomplished bymeans of an inclined cam, M, on the end of such shaft. This cam bearsupon the surface of a projection, N, which may he correspondinglyinclined or provided with a shoulder, as desired, and which is securedto a plate attached to the bottom of the table, against which platebears one end of aspiral spring, 0, which returns the shaft to normalposition as soon as pressure of the cam is released. It will beunderstood that the cam is operated by the revolution of the shaft,through the rack and pinion, as before explained.

The feed is accomplished by means of the cams 9 10, Fig. 10, on thedriving shaft, the necessary eccentric rotary movement being given tothe feed-plate by means of such cams t) 10, which extend in differentdirections, and are mounted upon the driving-shaft, one of which impelsthe feed-bar longitudinally, while the other raises it vertically, andthus gives it the necessary motion to impel the cloth. I have not,however, considered it necessary to illustrate this feed mechanism morefully, because it forms no part of my invention, and the relation of theoperating-cams to the ordinary feed-plate will bev readily understood byall those skilled in the art.

It will be understood that the usual or any proper form of tensiondevice is mounted upon the arm of the machine through which the threadpasses, and that the presser-foot is provided with the usual mechanismto raise and lower it to receive the cloth.

In the sewing of bags by my machine the operation can be performed withgreat rapidity, because it is not necessary, after finishing each bag,to stop the machine and adjust any of the parts before commencing workupon another bag; but the machine will continue to form the interlockingstitch whether the fabric he in position below the presser-foot or not,and any number of bags may thus be sewed and connected together bystitching, which mayafterward be separated,as desired.

I am aware that in English Patent No. 974 of 1857 is shown avertically-reciprocating threaded needle combined with a spiral needleoperating below the table by a rack and pinion, the spiral needle havingan under thread, and the stitch being formed from both threads below thetable; and I am also aw are that in English Patent No. 549 of 1868 aspiral or corkscrew-shaped threadless lower needle is given a combinedrotary and lateral movement on its shaft by means of a rack and pinion,so as to carry the thread above the table to be fastened by an ordinaryvertical needle; and these devices I do not claim, my invention beingrestricted to specially-devised improvements.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combinationof the straight needle E, and mechanism, substantially as described, foroperating the same, the slide-bar U, having the rack J, the horizontalrock-shaft F, having the pinion, the cams M N, and the hook G, mountedon said shaft F, said hook operating to seize the loop formed by theneedle, carry the same above .the table and over the edge of the fabricin position to be locked by the needle-thread at the subsequent descentof the needle.

2. A sewing-machine having a vertically-reciprocating needle carrying asingle thread, in combination with the threadless hook mounted on ahorizontal rock-shaft, F, below the table, adapted to enter the loopformed by the vertical needle and to carry the same above the table andaround the edge of the fabric to be locked by the subsequent passage ofthe needle through such loop.

3. The combination of the vertical needle E, the hook Gr, pivoted belowthe table, and the guard H, mountedon the shaft P, such shaft having thespiral twist, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In combination with the presser-foot and with the needle E and hookG, the springtongue V, attached to the presser-foot, and the groove W,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand.

ELHVARD KOHLER.

Witnesses:

H. E. POPE, LEE D. CRAIG.

